ODNR Division of Wildlife - A to Z Species Guide - Willow Flycatcher

 Willow Flycatcher

willow flycatcher

Flycatchers are stocky birds with large heads and big mouths. The bill is broad and flattened. They fly out from usually exposed perches to capture insects on the wing and then return to the perch to eat. Wing bars and eyerings are important identifying characteristics; in some species the song must be heard for positive identification.

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Willow Flycatcher
Empidonax traillii

At-a-Glance

• Incubation: 12-13 days

• Clutch Size: 3-4 eggs

• Young Fledge: 12-14 days after hatching

• Typical Foods: insects and fruit
Description
The willow flycatcher is one of three so-called "empidonax flycatchers" that nest in Ohio. These cannot be positively identified unless the song is heard. They are smaller flycatchers with both distinct wing bars and eye-rings. The willow flycatcher is the brownest of the group and is found in swampy thickets, abandoned orchards, or overgrown pastures.

Habitat and Habits
Willow flycatchers attain their greatest densities in thickets composed of dogwoods, willows, alders, and other shrubby vegetation bordering wetlands, lakes, and streams. However, they are not restricted to areas near water, but also regularly occupy dry pastures and fallow fields becoming overgrown with brushy vegetation. The song is a two-syllable fitz-brew.

Reproduction and Care of the Young
Nests with eggs can be found in a low bush or shrub during June and fledglings appear in July. The nest is a compact cup of plant down and fiber. The adults may perform distraction displays to protect the nest when threatened.